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This three-step pathway involves the enzymes carboxylesterase, cytidine deaminase and thymidine phosphorylase (Figure 1), all of which are expressed in hepatic and tumor tissue. In particular the ...

They also show that models learned from nonsynonymous mutations and from out-of-frame sequences are different, prompting new questions about germinal center function. Strengths of the study include an ...

In the case of T cells, mutations are assumed to be experimental artifacts as T cell receptors do not undergo somatic hypermutation due to lack of activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). Putative ...

Detecting danger is key to the survival and success of all species. Animal nervous and immune systems cooperate to optimize danger detection. Preceding studies have highlighted the benefits of ...

TABLE 1. Status of macroalgae research. This table provides a non-exhaustive overview of key macroalgae research domains discussed in this review, together with selected species. Superscript numbers ...

Both authors share equal and corresponding authorship. The helminth diseases schistosomiasis, opisthorchiasis, and clonorchiasis are highly carcinogenic. Trypanosoma cruzi has a dual role in cancer ...

Etanercept and adalimumab are both recommended to be available as routine commissioning treatment options for deficiency of adenosine deaminase type 2 (DADA2) within the criteria set out in these ...

Drugs metabolized by cytidine deaminase Hydroxyurea Myelosuppression, hemolytic anemia, secondary malignancies, embryo-fetal toxicity, vasculitic toxicity, macrocytosis ...

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