We found that synchronous inputs through chemical synapses yielded a negative deflection in proximal extracellular electrodes, whereas those onto gap junctions manifested a positive deflection.

“And so it’s hoped that if somebody, for example, is trying to get some muscle activity in their legs to be able to stand or walk, that when the stimulation is in place, there is a greater level of ...

“It’s a slower response than a typical nerve-muscle synapse, but it’s still an electrical response.” The researchers could see this electrical activity with calcium imaging, a technique that uses ...