Stephen Hawking's 1966 PhD thesis, Properties of Expanding Universes, laid the groundwork for his renowned contributions to ...

A radical new theory by physicist Naman Kumar is challenging the way we think about the birth of the universe. Rather than ...

Theoretical physicists James Hartle and Stephen Hawking, for example, proposed that rather than having a strict beginning as ...

I've long been fascinated by the fundamental mystery of our universe's origin. In my work, I explore an alternative to the ...

From reproductive rights to climate change to Big Tech, The Independent is on the ground when the story is developing. Whether it's investigating the financials of Elon Musk's pro-Trump PAC or ...

The Hawking Index, named after Stephen Hawking because of A Brief History of Time’s reputation for being started but not finished, estimates how far readers get in a book by analysing the most ...