The immune system responds to an infection by producing antibodies that recognize and bind to the cell surface of the ...

Bottlebrush Barrier. The glycocalyx layer (purple, left) that coats brain blood vessels consists of numerous glycoproteins, ...

As well as mammalian cells, many different pathogens, including viruses, bacteria, fungi and parasites, also use glycoproteins extensively for diverse functions, in part similar to eukaryotic cells.

Researchers reveal that the loss of mucin-type O-glycosylation in the brain endothelial glycocalyx weakens the blood-brain ...

Antigenic variation is a key mechanism by which pathogens evade the immune system. New research has shown how trypanosomes change their antigen expression.

Cytokines are proteins, peptides or glycoproteins secreted by lymphocytes ... Each cytokine acts through its own receptor on target cells, and these receptors include members of the immunoglobulin ...