Sanger sequencing is modeled after the natural ... four naturally occurring nitrogenous bases, there are four different types of DNA nucleotides: adenine (A), thymine (T), guanine (G), and ...

And in every one of the 100 trillion cells, the sequence of these four letters, or bases, is nearly identical. Although the DNA code from cell to cell is the same, there are many different types ...

RNA polymerase enzymes read the DNA sequence and synthesize messenger RNA (mRNA ... These mechanisms can detect and correct different types of DNA damage, such as base mismatches, single-strand breaks ...

Several complex diseases have aberrant DNA methylation patterns, such as different types of cancer and neurodegenerative disorders ... The gold standard technology that scientists use to detect DNA ...